The world of elite sports is known to be incredibly competitive. With each generation, younger and greater athletes arise, beating never-broken-before records by pushing beyond their personal limits. This hypercompetitive focus can cause damage to an athlete’s physical and mental health, undoing a considerable number of the benefits of physical exercise. The health-related changes experienced by high-performance athletes can also impact vocal function. Changes in the respiratory and endocrine (or hormone regulating) system in particular, could potentially impact vocal performance, affecting the quality and dynamics of the voice. Depending on the intensity of training, these changes can be either positive of negative. Understandably, athletes who engage in moderate and responsible exercise may experience different changes compared to those who overexert their bodies by excessively training. It is known that the respiratory system plays a crucial role in voice production, creating the airflow that travels between the vocal folds, therefore serving as the power source of the voice. Furthermore, a lower respiratory function contributes significantly to voice disorders. This study found an increased maximum phonation time for both male and female athletes. The maximum phonation time is defined by the maximum amount of time a person is able to sustain the vowel /a:/ and is measured in seconds. An increased highest intensity was also registered for both male and female athletes. This could possibly mean that they can generally speak with a louder, clearer voice. These findings are in line with the idea that exercise benefits respiratory function, and therefore benefits vocal characteristics associated with airflow. In addition to its dependence on the respiratory tract, certain structures of the larynx are proven to be receptive and sensitive to hormones such as oestrogens. Both respiratory and hormonal changes can occur as a result of practicing sports. Again, depending on the duration, severity and type of training periods, these changes can be beneficial or disadvantageous. It is also important to take note of the nature of the sport; endurance sports require other qualities of the body than sports thriving on short outbursts of energy. A division between biological males and females can be made as well. This division is especially applicable to the changes in the endocrine system, as the sex hormones in males and females impact structures of the larynx differently. The results of this study showed a lower fundamental frequency (or habitual pitch) found in both male and female athletes. Athlete’s voices were also characterised by less harmonic, or regular, vibrations of the vocal folds. These characteristics could possibly be linked to the hormonal changes or hormonal imbalance an elite athlete might experience. In addition to the purely physical impact of practicing high-performance sports, there is also a mental aspect present, influencing an athlete’s behaviour and well-being. This psychological aspect can affect vocal performance as well. Mental health issues such as anxiety, stress, disordered eating, and gender-related issues in a highly competitive environment could impact vocal capabilities in their own way. In this study no difference in objective voice quality was found between athletes who thought that participation in their sport damaged their mental health and those who did not. However, several athletes mentioned that they suffered mentally because of the competitive environment. This highlights the importance of prevention, early detection, and early intervention when it comes to mental health problems. Lastly, the possibility of athletes abusing their voice should not be overlooked. Voice abuse, opposed to vocal hygiene, can be encouraged in some areas of sports, where the need to scream across the playing field in order to communicate is inevitable. Contrarily, no differences in objective voice quality based on group participation were found. Overall, the objective ways to measure voice quality indicated that the voice quality of elite athletes does not strongly differ from the general population. However, the subjective way (evaluating by listening) suggested that their voices sounded moderately hoarse.